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HomeMy WebLinkAboutOrdinance 670 BESS Urgency Ordinance Extension - signed ORDINANCE NO. 670 AN URGENCY ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF MORRO BAY, CALIFORNIA, EXTENDING ORDINANCE NO. 668 IMPOSING A PROHIBITION ON THE APPLICATION ACCEPTANCE, APPROVAL, COMMENCEMENT, ESTABLISHMENT, OPERATION, RELOCATION OR EXPANSION OF GRID-SCALE BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS (BESS) WITHIN THE CITY LIMITS DURING THE PENDENCY OF THE CITY’S REVIEW AND ADOPTION OF REGULATIONS OF SUCH USES; AND FINDING THE ACTION TO BE EXEMPT FROM CEQA T H E C I T Y C O U N C I L City of Morro Bay, California WHEREAS, the City of Morro Bay, California (“City”) is a municipal corporation, duly organized under the constitution and laws of the State of California; and WHEREAS, in general, a Battery Energy Storage Systems (“BESS”) facility collects energy from the grid, stores it, and then discharges that energy later to provide electricity or other grid services when needed, typically at times of high demand; and WHEREAS, there is a growing demand for BESS facilities in the state of California due to increased demand for renewable electricity to reach the State’s clean energy goals and mechanisms to ensure reliability of the State’s electric system, among other things; and WHEREAS, the City does not have land use policies or standards in place to regulate the location and operation of BESS facilities within the City limits which would address compatibility with surrounding uses and safety among other issues; and WHEREAS, the City has previously received one specific request to locate a grid-scale BESS facility on the waterfront of the City limits, which resulted in the City and the applicant spending significant time and financial resources processing the permit application; and WHEREAS, during the application review process for the proposed BESS facility within the City limits, residents from the community expressed significant concerns regarding the safety of BESS facilities in general, and specifically in proximity to residential and visitor serving commercial uses; and WHEREAS, on January 16, 2025, a major fire broke out at an existing BESS facility in the unincorporated community of Moss Landing, prompting evacuations and highway closures in Monterey County. The Moss Landing BESS facility is owned and operated by the applicant for a BESS facility in Morro Bay; and WHEREAS, there have been several recent fires at BESS facilities both in California and nationwide. BESS facilities that use lithium-ion batteries create particularly unique fire and explosion hazards. Information suggests that lithium-ion batteries are potentially safe and stable when installed properly, however certain conditions elevate the risk of fire and thermal runaways, such as impact, puncture, or mechanical damage, overcharging, overheating, and/or short circuits; and WHEREAS, the City of Morro Bay’s compact urban form, relatively dense residential neighborhoods and small lots in close proximity to one another, and sensitive environmental resources make it uniquely vulnerable to hazards from major fires, explosions, and toxic smoke plumes from a BESS facility; and WHEREAS, the City’s waterfront area is a major tourist attraction and revenue generator for the City; and WHEREAS, a catastrophic event at a BESS facility in the City limits would threaten the City’s budget and local economy, which depend significantly on Morro Bay as a tourist destination; and WHEREAS, on October 7, 2023, the Governor of California signed into law Senate Bill 38 (“SB 38”), which amends California Public Utilities Code Section 761.3 to address safety concerns with BESS projects. SB 38 requires every BESS facility in California to establish an emergency response and emergency action plan for the facility to protect surrounding residents, neighboring properties, emergency responders, and the environment. Furthermore, the BESS facility owner or operator must coordinate with local emergency management agencies, unified program agencies, and local first responders to develop the plan, and submit the plan to the county where the facility is located. Currently, the City of Morro Bay does not have procedures or standards to facilitate interagency coordination with the County of San Luis Obispo and other response agencies; and WHEREAS, SB 38 recognizes the many hazards that BESS facilities can create, providing that the mandated emergency response and action plan may consider responses to potential offsite impacts such as poor air quality, threats to municipal water supplies, water runoff, and threats to municipal waterways. The plan may also include procedures related to shelter-in-place orders and road closure notifications. The City does not currently have any procedures or standards for addressing potential offsite impacts associated with BESS facilities; and WHEREAS, on June 30, 2022, the Governor of California signed into law Assembly Bill 205 (“AB 205”), which expands the California Energy Commission’s (“CEC”) powerplant siting authority to certain renewable energy facilities, including energy storage systems defined in California Public Utilities Code Section 2835 capable of storing 200 megawatt-hours or more of electrical energy; and WHEREAS, pursuant to AB 205, as codified in California Public Resources Code Division 15, Chapter 6.2, an applicant proposing to build a qualifying energy facility may file an “opt-in application for certification,” with the CEC, and the CEC’s permitting authority over the proposed project is “in lieu of any permit, certificate, or similar document required by a state, local, or regional agency, or federal agency, to the extent permitted by federal law, and for those facilities;” and WHEREAS, in reviewing opt-in projects, the CEC functions as the Lead Agency for the purposes of California Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”) review. In certifying an opt-in project, the CEC must make certain findings; and WHEREAS, in the fall of 2024, the previously mentioned applicant informed the City that it intends to opt into the CEC certification process set forth in AB 205, and requested to pause its application for municipal consideration of local entitlements by the City of Morro Bay; and WHEREAS, while this particular project may no longer require local entitlement approvals, if the applicant withdraws its application with the City and applies for opt-in certification with the CEC, there remain significant public safety concerns that must be analyzed prior to any BESS proposal moving forward within the City limits, whether at the power plant property site or elsewhere in the community; and WHEREAS, the potential for the development of new grid-scale BESS facilities in the City limits without adequate land use policies and standards in place to implement SB 38 presents a current and immediate threat to the public’s safety and welfare, and the approval of land use entitlements for such a use would result in that threat to public safety and welfare because BESS facilities could result in potentially catastrophic environmental, safety, and economic impacts; and WHEREAS, California Government Code Section 65858 provides that, without following the procedures otherwise required prior to the adoption of a zoning ordinance, an urgency measure in the form of an interim ordinance may be adopted by a four-fifths vote of the City Council to protect the public from a current and immediate threat to the public health, safety, or welfare resulting from a contemplated zoning proposal. Government Code Section 65858 further provides that such an urgency measure shall be effective for only 45 days following its adoption, but may be extended beyond the initial 45-day period, following compliance with that Section, for an additional 22 months and 15 days; and WHEREAS, at the January 28, 2025, City Council meeting, staff’s findings demonstrated that the potential for development of new commercial BESS facilities within the City limits without adequate land use policies and standards in place to implement SB 38 and to prevent potentially catastrophic interference with nearby communities presents a current and immediate threat to the public’s safety and welfare, and approval of such use permits, building permits, or other applicable entitlements for such uses would threaten public safety and welfare; and WHEREAS, at its January 28, 2025, meeting, the City Council voted to approve an interim ordinance prohibiting new commercial battery energy storage systems within the City limits based upon a need for the immediate preservation of the public health, safety, and welfare as set forth herein, for an initial period of forty-five days while staff researched and selected the best recommended course of action to address the safety related concerns regarding BESS facilities (“Ordinance No. 668”); and WHEREAS, the temporary prohibition on BESS facilities is scheduled to expire on March 14, 2025; and WHEREAS, staff has issued a written report to the City Council on the progress of its study along with the measures taken to alleviate the condition that led to the adoption of Ordinance No. 668; and WHEREAS, with the issuance of a written report 10 days prior to the expiration of Ordinance No. 668 and with a duly noticed public hearing taking place on February 25, 2025, the City is eligible to extend the urgency ordinance prohibiting BESS facilities within City limits for an additional 22 months and 15 days pursuant to Government Code Section 65858(d); and WHEREAS, City staff is still in the process of conducting research to understand the impacts of BESS facilities and uses on community welfare and exploring potential amendments to the City’s Municipal Code, General Plan, and Local Coastal Plan is relation to BESS facilities; and WHEREAS, staff remains concerned that the absence of adequate land use policies and standards to address BESS facilities, including those necessary to implement SB 38 and prevent potentially catastrophic impacts to nearby residents and environmental resources, poses a current and immediate threat to the public’s safety and welfare; and WHEREAS, in light of the significant safety risks associated with BESS facilities, City staff seeks additional time to further investigate these issues, formulate recommendations for City Council consideration, and explore adjustments to the City’s General Plan, Zoning Code, and Local Coastal Plan to mitigate the safety risks associated with BESS facilities; and WHEREAS, while this interim ordinance is in effect, the City intends to study and consider land use development policies and standards related to BESS facilities that should be added to the City’s General Plan and Zoning Regulations; and WHEREAS, the City Council has conducted a public hearing during a regularly scheduled City Council meeting on February 25, 2025, and considered all written and verbal comments, as well as the report and presentation from staff. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED by the City Council of the City of Morro Bay, California: Section 1: Incorporation of Recitals. The City Council of the City of Morro Bay finds that all Recitals are true and correct and incorporated herein by reference. Section 2: Urgency Findings. The City Council of Morro Bay hereby finds that there is a current and immediate threat to the public health, safety, and/or welfare and a need for immediate preservation of the public peace, health, or safety that warrants this urgency m easure, which finding is based upon the facts stated in the Recitals above, and in the staff report dated January 28, 2025, as well as any oral and written testimony at the January 28, 2025 or February 25, 2025 City Council meeting. Section 3: Interim Moratorium on Grid-Scale Battery Energy Storage Systems. A. Definition of Battery Energy Storage System: For purposes of this interim ordinance, a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) facility is an electrochemical device that charges or collects energy from the grid or a distributed generation system (e.g., power plant) and then discharges that energy at a later time to provide electricity or other grid services when needed. BESS facilities can be small-scale “Behind-the-Meter” facilities that are customer-sited stationary storage systems that are connected to the distribution system on the customer’s side of the utility’s service meter. In contrast, larger grid-scale “Front-of-the-Meter” facilities are on the utility side of the meter. “Front-of-the-Meter” facilities typically include large-scale energy generation and storage facilities like power plants, wind farms, solar parks, and large-scale energy storage systems. The proposed interim ordinance prohibits grid-scale “Front-of-the-Meter” BESS facilities. B. From and after the date of enactment of the interim ordinance, the establishment, construction, and operation of new grid-scale “Front-of-the-Meter” Battery Energy Storage Systems is prohibited within the city limits of the City of Morro Bay, and no use permit, variance, building permit, business license, or any other entitlement for this type of use shall be approved or issued fo r the establishment, construction, or operation of a BESS facility for any location or property, public or private, within the city limits of the City of Morro Bay. Section 4: Exclusions. The provisions of this interim ordinance shall not apply to individually owned single - family residential battery storage, multifamily residential battery storage, or otherwise ancillary battery storage uses that are “Behind-the-Meter” primarily used to meet single customer onsite energy storage needs. Section 5: Compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). This interim ordinance is not subject to CEQA (Public Resources Code Section 21000 et seq.) pursuant to CEQA Guidelines (California Code of Regulations, Title 14, Section 15000 et seq.) Section 15060(c)(2) [activity will not result in a direct or reasonably foreseeable indirect physical change in the environment]. Additionally or alternatively, this interim ordinance is exempt from CEQA under CEQA Guidelines Sections 15061(b)(3) [it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility the activity in question may have a significant effect on the environment], 15307 [Class 7, categorical exemption for regulatory activity to assure the protection of natural resources], and 15308 [Class 8, categorical exemption for regulatory activity to assure the protection of natural resources]. Further, this interim ordinance is exempt from CEQA pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21080(b)(4) and CEQA Guidelines Section 15269(c) because it prevents a clear and imminent danger that requires immediate action to prevent or mitigate the loss of, or damage to, life, health, property, and essential public services. Section 6: Severability. If any sections, subsections, sentences, clauses, phrases, or portions of this Ordinance are for any reason held invalid or unconstitutional, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portions of this Ordinance. The City Council hereby declares that it would have passed this and each section, subsection, phrase, or clause of this Ordinance whether or not any one or more sections, subsections, phrases, or clauses may be declared invalid or unconstitutional on their face as applied. /// /// /// /// /// /// /// /// /// /// /// /// Section 7: Term and Effect. This interim Ordinance is urgently needed for the immediate preservation of the public health, safety or welfare, and shall become effective immediately upon its adoption pursuant to California Government Code Section 36937, and shall be of no further force and effect twenty-three (23) months and three (3) days following the date of its adoption unless earlier repealed by the City Council in accordance with the provisions set forth in California Government Code Section 65858. I HEREBY CERTIFY THAT the foregoing ordinance was INTRODUCED, ADOPTED, and PASSED as an urgency measure by a four -fifths vote and ORDERED published at a regular meeting of the City Council held on February 25, 2025, and passed by the following vote: AYES: Wixom, Eckles, Edwards, Landrum, Luffee NOES: None ABSENT: None ABSTAIN: None RECUSE: None ______________________________ CARLA WIXOM, Mayor ATTEST: _____________________________ DANA SWANSON, City Clerk APPROVED AS TO FORM: _____________________________ ROBERT SCHULTZ, Interim City Attorney Robert Schultz (Mar 5, 2025 17:21 HST) Robert Schultz Carla Wixom (Mar 5, 2025 19:40 PST) Carla Wixom Dana Swanson (Mar 6, 2025 09:28 PST) Dana Swanson Ord 670 BESS Urgency Ordinance Extension Final Audit Report 2025-03-06 Created:2025-03-05 By:Heather Goodwin (hgoodwin@morrobayca.gov) Status:Signed Transaction ID:CBJCHBCAABAASmsh2t989HIw0FAdHJqjisLow2CS-XE1 "Ord 670 BESS Urgency Ordinance Extension" History Document created by Heather Goodwin (hgoodwin@morrobayca.gov) 2025-03-05 - 10:27:24 PM GMT Document emailed to rschultz@morrobayca.gov for signature 2025-03-05 - 10:28:17 PM GMT Email viewed by rschultz@morrobayca.gov 2025-03-06 - 3:20:39 AM GMT Signer rschultz@morrobayca.gov entered name at signing as Robert Schultz 2025-03-06 - 3:21:18 AM GMT Document e-signed by Robert Schultz (rschultz@morrobayca.gov) Signature Date: 2025-03-06 - 3:21:20 AM GMT - Time Source: server Document emailed to cwixom@morrobayca.gov for signature 2025-03-06 - 3:21:21 AM GMT Email viewed by cwixom@morrobayca.gov 2025-03-06 - 3:39:39 AM GMT Signer cwixom@morrobayca.gov entered name at signing as Carla Wixom 2025-03-06 - 3:40:16 AM GMT Document e-signed by Carla Wixom (cwixom@morrobayca.gov) Signature Date: 2025-03-06 - 3:40:18 AM GMT - Time Source: server Document emailed to Dana Swanson (dswanson@morrobayca.gov) for signature 2025-03-06 - 3:40:19 AM GMT Email viewed by Dana Swanson (dswanson@morrobayca.gov) 2025-03-06 - 3:16:46 PM GMT Document e-signed by Dana Swanson (dswanson@morrobayca.gov) Signature Date: 2025-03-06 - 5:28:21 PM GMT - Time Source: server Agreement completed. 2025-03-06 - 5:28:21 PM GMT